Trigonelline, an alkaloid found in fenugreek seeds, is known for its beneficial effects on metabolic health and neuroprotection. Recently published studies³ suggest that trigonelline acts as a precursor to NAD+, which promotes energy production in mitochondria and protects cells from oxidative stress. In human studies and animal models, trigonelline supplementation has been shown to improve muscle strength and delay age-related changes¹. Trigonelline is also being studied in the context of protecting against neurodegeneration and supporting brain health, making it a potentially powerful ingredient for supporting longevity and metabolic health.

L-tryptophan is an amino acid that plays a key role in the synthesis of serotonin, a mood-regulating neurotransmitter, and melatonin, a sleep-regulating hormone. Clinical studies show that tryptophan supplementation can help alleviate symptoms of depression and improve sleep quality in people with mood disorders and insomnia⁴. Moreover, tryptophan affects the kynurenine pathway, which is linked to NAD+ production⁵. Increased NAD+ production contributes to improved cellular metabolism and overall energy efficiency of the body.

Chamomile contains apigenin, a flavonoid known for its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Apigenin inhibits the activity of the enzyme CD38, which breaks down NAD+, helping to maintain higher levels of this important cofactor. Human clinical studies suggest that apigenin reduces anxiety symptoms and supports cognitive function⁶. It also helps protect cells from oxidative stress while reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.

EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate) is the most important polyphenol in green tea, with powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. EGCG also supports mitochondrial function, leading to increased levels of NAD+ in the body, thereby improving energy metabolism and overall cellular performance⁷. In addition, human clinical studies have shown that EGCG supplementation can improve cardiovascular health by reducing LDL cholesterol levels and improving vascular endothelial function⁸.

Resveratrol is one of the best-studied polyphenols, known for its health-promoting effects, particularly in the context of longevity and anti-aging. Resveratrol has been shown to activate sirtuins, enzymes that regulate NAD+ levels and affect cellular aging⁹. Studies also suggest that resveratrol supports heart health¹⁰, improves cognitive function¹¹ and reduces inflammation in the body¹².

Alpha-lipoic acid is a potent antioxidant that works in both aqueous and fatty environments to effectively protect cells from oxidative damage. Studies¹³ show that ALA increases the ratio of NAD+ to NADH, which activates key enzymes responsible for energy production in cells. The result is accelerated fat burning and reduced fat storage in muscle cells. In addition, clinical studies¹⁴ show that ALA improves metabolic function, particularly in relation to glucose metabolism and the reduction of diabetic neuropathy symptoms.

Black pepper fruit extract with up to 95% piperine. Piperine, the main active compound in black pepper, is known for its ability to improve the bioavailability of other compounds, thereby increasing their effectiveness. Clinical studies have shown that piperine can significantly improve the absorption of resveratrol¹⁵, vitamin B6 and other active ingredients, enhancing their effects on NAD+ levels and overall health.

Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is one of the key precursors of NAD+. In clinical studies, niacin supplementation has been shown to effectively increase NAD+ levels in the body, which improves metabolic health and cognitive function¹⁶. Niacin also supports skin and nervous system health, and has a positive effect on cholesterol levels, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Vitamin B6 is essential for normal protein metabolism and the production of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine. In combination with niacin and other B vitamins, vitamin B6 supports the production of NAD+, which positively affects cellular energy. Clinical studies¹⁷ indicate that vitamin B6 supplementation can improve cognitive function, reduce symptoms of depression, and support immune system health.